面向SDGs的土地可持续利用目标、挑战与应对策略

研究目的:基于联合国2030可持续发展目标(SDGs),分析土地可持续利用的目标以及中国所面临的形势与挑战,并提出应对策略,为可持续发展的实现提供路径支持。研究方法:文献研究法。研究结果:土地利用是人类、土地单元和土地利用方式三者相互影响与制约的过程,会深刻影响2030年可持续发展目标的实现;在17个SDGs中,有7个目标与土地利用相关,可归纳为高效和集约利用土地、保护和改善土地生态环境、被社会所接受三大目标,以及提高农用土地生产能力、促进工业土地集约与转型利用、建设安全和包容城镇、防治土地污染、恢复生态系统和防治土地退化、消除贫困和实现土地产权安全7项具体目标;面对SDGs的土地持续利用目标,中国在耕地保护、工业用地转型升级、土地污染治理、土地生态修复等方面还面临诸多挑战。研究结论:为推进面向SDGs的土地可持续利用,需要构建本土化监测指标体系,自然资源相关规划与政策的制定要反映土地可持续利用的目标,以土地制度改革助推土地可持续利用,重视土地科技创新,并加强利益相关群体的参与和合作。

Sustainable Land Use Goals, Challenges and Countermeasures in China for SDGs

The purpose of this paper is to analyze sustainable land use goals with the challenges in China and put forward the countermeasures according to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This research can provide the path support for the realization of sustainable development. The method of literature research is applied. The results show that: 1)the sustainable land use is bound to play an important role in the realization of sustainable development with economic development, social progress and environmental protection as the main goals. 2)7 goals are related to land use, which concerns all land use types, among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. 3)3 SDGs-oriented sustainable land use goals are efficient and intensive land use, protection and improvement of land ecological environment, and acceptance by society. 7 targets include agricultural land production improvement, intensive use and transformation of industrial land, inclusive and safe cities and towns, land pollution prevention, ecosystem restoration and land degradation prevention, poverty alleviation, equity and security in land property. In conclusion, it is necessary to build local monitoring index framework of sustainable land use, incorporate sustainable land use goals in the planning and policy, implement land tenure reform, advocate land technology innovation, strengthen the participation and cooperation of stakeholders, so as to implement sustainable land use goals.