从土地利用规划到国土空间规划——科学理性规划的视角

研究目的:深入探讨从土地利用规划到国土空间规划的重大变革,明晰国土空间规划的观念、体系、任务、方法和实施要求,以期对正在开展的国土空间规划编制工作提供参考。研究方法:文献研究法和比较分析法。研究结果:国土空间规划要着力强化可持续发展、高质量发展、以人民为中心的发展观念,在规划体系建设中处理好空间规划与发展规划,国家规划与地方规划,总体规划与专项规划、详细规划之间的关系,把重塑国土空间开发保护格局和推动自然资源节约集约利用和自然资源资产保值增值同时作为新时代规划的主要任务,全面推进空间规划基本理论、基础性方法和前沿性方法研究,创新规划实施的行政、法治、经济、社会和技术机制。研究结论:国土空间规划作为空间规划体制改革的产物,既要继承包括土地利用规划在内的原有空间规划的优点,也要注意克服其不足,根据国土空间治理现代化的战略需要,在规划观念、规划体系、规划实施等方面进行全方位、重构性变革,发展具有中国特色的空间规划理论和方法。

From Land-Use Planning to Territorial Space Planning: A Perspective of Scientific and Rational Planning

The purposes of this paper are to explore in depth the significant reforms from land-use planning to territorial space planning, and to clarify concepts, systems, tasks, methods and implementation requirements of territorial space planning to provide the reference for the ongoing work of territorial space planning. The research methods areliterature review and comparative analysis. Theresearch results show that territorial space planning should focus on strengthening the concepts of sustainable development, high-quality development and people-centered development. In the construction of the planning system, the relationships of spatial planning versus development planning, national planning versus local planning and overall planning versus topic planning/detailed planning, should be properly handled. The main tasks of the planning for the new era are to reshape the patterns of territorial space development and protection, promote the conservation and intensive use of natural resources, and maintain and appreciate natural resources assets. Theefforts should be made to promote the study of basic theories, basic methods and frontier methods of spatial planning, and to innovate the administrative, legal, economic, social and technological mechanisms for planning implementation. In conclusion, as the product of the spatial planning system reform, territorial space planning should not only inherit the advantages of the original spatial planning, including land-use planning, but also overcome their shortcomings. To meet the strategic needs of modernizing the territorial space governance, the omni-directional and restructuring changes should be made in planning concept, planning system, planning implementation and other aspects, and spatial planning theories and methods should be developed with Chinese characteristics.