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Nominal rigidities equilibria in a non-Ricardian economy
Institution:1. Department of Economics, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus Platz, D-50923 Cologne, Germany;2. Vienna Graduate School of Finance and Institute for Advanced Studies, A-1080 Vienna, Austria;1. Department of Economics, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States;2. School of Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, 777 Guoding Road, Shanghai, 200433, China;3. Key Laboratory of Mathematical Economics (SUFE), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200433, China;1. Economic Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 Barackpore Trunk Road, 700108 Kolkata, India;2. Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Statistiche and CSEF, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, Napoli 80126, Italy
Abstract:I consider a cash-in-advance economy with nominal price rigidities. Nominal interest rates are the cost of liquidity and fiscal policy sets nominal transfers that affect the distribution of wealth. Under a fiscal policy associated with an unequal distribution of wealth and for policies of low or even zero interest rates, coordination failures exist, that is, involuntary unemployment persist even if prices are set at full employment levels. Coordination failures exist if and only if nominal rates are below a threshold. Moreover, I demonstrate the following result on welfare: full employment allocations at a nominal rate equal to the threshold (high liquidity costs) are better, in terms of welfare, from unemployment allocations at any non-negative interest rates below the threshold. On the other hand, under a sufficiently progressive fiscal system that reduces the inequality in the wealth distribution, coordination failures do not exist.
Keywords:Nominal price rigidities  Interest rates  Non-Ricardian fiscal policy
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