自传体小说中历史与记忆的维度

在回忆和记忆成为文化学炙手可热的论题的今天,德国小说家马丁·瓦尔泽以其一本带自传体色彩的小说《迸涌的流泉》,在文学批判界掀起了轩然大波。由此,对德国历史记忆的反思被推到了舆论的风口浪尖。瓦尔泽以主人公约翰的独特视角,呈现了第三帝国时期其童年和青年时代的历史画卷。通过对主人公成长历程的回顾性梳理,对历史回忆进行了悖论性的反思,批判了对德国历史回忆的标准化,提出了对过去没有兴趣的回忆原则和理想目标。

Dimension of History and Memory in the Autobiography

Today, the memories and the memory become the cultural hot topic. With an autobiographi cal novel Ein springender Brunnen, the German novelist Martin Walser has raised a great disturbance in the literary criticism circles. Reflection on the German historical memory has been pushed into the pub lic opinion. Walser presents a historical picture of the childhood and youth of the period in the Third Reich from the unique perspective of the heroine John. Through the review of the protagonist growth process and reflection of the paradox on the historical memories, he has criticized the standardization of German historical memories and raised the principle and goal of memories ＂not interested in the past＂.