政策工具视角下突发公共卫生事件中社区应急管理政策文本分析

社区应急管理政策工具的选择和合理的使用搭配将有助于社区在突发公共卫生事件中更好地发挥作用，产生更好的政策效果。探究现阶段政府在制定社区应急管理政策中的特点与不足，对今后相关政策制定及应急管理政策体系优化具有重要参考价值。为此，选取2003—2021年颁布的18份国家层面的社区应急管理的政策文本，运用内容分析法从政策工具、应急管理维度对政策文本进行量化分析。研究发现，目前应急管理政策体系中供给型和环境型政策工具使用较为充分，需求型政策工具相对短缺，且存在政策工具内部分布不均的情况，同样应急管理维度下政策工具的运用与组合也存在不均衡。基于此，提出完善社区应急管理政策体系的建议。

Analysis of Community Emergency Management Policy Texts in Public Health Emergencies from the Perspective of Policy Tools

The community is the first line of defense and the most important line of defense in dealing with public health emergencies. The community-oriented emergency management policy system is not only the baton of community action, but also an important guarantee for improving the ability of community emergency management. The choice and rational use of policy tools is community emergency management will contribute to communities play a role in public health emergencies and produce better policy effects. At the present stage, exploring the characteristics and deficiencies of the policies has important reference value for the formulation of relevant policies and the optimization of thepolicy system in the future. Based on this,18 national-level community emergency management policy texts from 2003 to 2021 is selected, and content analysis is used to quantitatively analyze the policy texts from the dimensions of policy tools and emergency management. The study found that the supply-type and environment-type policy tools are fully used, the demand-type policy tools are relatively short, and the internal distribution of policy tools is uneven. Similarly, the use and combination of policy tools in the emergency management dimension are also imbalance. Based on this, suggestions are put forward to improve the community emergency management policy system.