卫生和植物检疫措施影响农产品贸易的理论模型--以猪肉为例

本文从卫生和植物检疫(SPS)措施导致的遵从成本出发,建立了经济学局部均衡分析模型,研究SPS措施对中国猪肉贸易的影响效应。分析表明:SPS措施对猪肉贸易的影响在宏观上表现为贸易禁止、贸易限制和贸易扭曲。微观上的影响在短期和长期是不同的。文章还分析了在一对一歧视、多对一歧视和非歧视情况下遵从成本的大小。研究发现,当所有进口国对所有出口国无歧视的采用同一SPS措施的情况下,遵从成本被各国分摊,对于单个出口国来说,这时遵从成本最低。因此,对于贸易商来说,最重要的是追求贸易中的公平待遇。

Theoretical Model of the Impact of SPS Measures on Chinese Pork Trade

This paper built the comparative static partial equilibrium to analyze the effect of SPS measures on Chinese Pork trade from the compliance cost incurred by SPS measures. It can be concluded that the macro-effects of SPS measures on Chinese pork trade are trade ban, trade restriction and trade twist. The micro-effects are totally different in the short run and long run. This paper also analyzed the compliance cost on the premise of one to one discrimination, more to one discrimination and un-discrimination. It was found that the compliance cost were shared when all exporter adopt un-discriminatively the SPS measures to all importer, and the compliance cost is the lowest for a single exporter. Therefore, the most important issue for the trader is to pursue the equal treatment.