Geocultural landscaping: Guidelines and conceptual framework to design future scenarios of exploited lands
Institution:
1. Dipartimento di Architettura, Università Roma Tre, Italy;2. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IGAG, c.o. Dipartimento Scienze della Terra, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy;3. Liceo Scientifico Statale “L. Spallanzani”, Tivoli, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Italy;5. PoValley operations pty ltd, Rome, Italy;1. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China;2. China Institute of Manufacturing Development, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China;3. School of Information, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, 18 Xueyuan St., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China;1. CIRAD UMR G-Eau TA C-90/15 73, rue JF Breton, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;2. IRD UMR G-Eau Campus ISRA IRD de Bel Air, Route des Hydrocarbures, BP 1386, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal;3. IER ESPGRN, CRRA de Niono, Mali;4. CIRAD UMR G-Eau TA C-90/15 73, rue JF Breton, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;1. Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático, Periférico 5000, Colonia, Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04530, Cd. Mx., Mexico;2. Jardín Botánico-Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,Av. Universidad 3000, Colonia, UNAM-CU, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Cd. Mx., Mexico
Abstract:
The environmental recovery of quarried areas is increasingly a landscaping first-order issue in many countries and relevant lessons can be learned from each case history, depending upon factors such as the terrain nature and landscape consolidation over time. The case of the Tivoli travertine quarries near Rome (Acque Albule Basin, Italy) is addressed with a multidisciplinary approach and analytic data indicating sustainable and resilient future solutions. Geological data are analyzed to know the resources and natural hazards of this territory. Historical landscape analyses are next accomplished to know the cultural heritage and evolution of man-nature interactions. Eventually, the present land use and 3D landscape are considered to know the current setting. This territory is characterized by natural hazards including earthquakes, degassing, subsidence, and river flooding, and by resources such as abundant thermal waters. Historical analyses show the occurrence of a significant cultural heritage including two UNESCO world heritage sites. The present landscape is characterized by deep quarries and unplanned urbanization. The integration of geological data with historical information provides a new knowledge forming a geocultural database that must be taken into consideration for future planning. Based on these results, general landscape and urban guidelines are proposed for the future recovery of this intensively-quarried and -urbanized territory. The main lesson learned from the Tivoli case history is twofold: (1) the integration and feedback between multiple disciplines and professionals (architects and geologists) working together on environmental improvements and (2) the careful view of the past territory and meticulous analysis of existing buildings and urban landscapes are the key to sustainably interpret the future landscape. The main novelty of this lesson is the improvement of the concept of cultural landscape (UNESCO: http://whc.unesco.org/en/culturallandscape/) and its expansion toward geological issues and man-geology/nature interactions. In an urban-saturated territory that is also geologically-worn by human activities (e.g., Acque Albule Basin), restoring guidelines must comply with the partly-new concept of geocultural landscaping, which consists of a sustainable and resilient planning based on the study and understanding of natural-geological hazards, natural and cultural resources, and man-nature relationships over large spaces and long terms (4D). A general conceptual framework for geocultural landscaping is eventually proposed.
