Implications of land use transitions on soil nitrogen in dynamic landscapes in Tanzania |
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| Institution: | 1. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa;2. Governance of Africa''s Resources Programme (GARP), South African Institute of International Affairs, 33 Church Street, Vunani Chambers, Cape Town, 8001, South Africa;3. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa;4. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Khartoum North 13314, Sudan;1. Direction Régionale des Eaux et Forêts et de la Lutte Contre la Désertification du Rif., Avenue Mohamed V, BP 722, 93000 Tétouan, Morocco;2. University of Alicante, Department of Ecology and IMEM. Ap. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain;3. Université Abdelmalek Essaadi, Faculté des Sciences de Tétouan, Avenue Sebta, Mhannech II, BP, 93002, Tétouan, Morocco;1. CIRAD UMR G-Eau TA C-90/15 73, rue JF Breton, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;2. IRD UMR G-Eau Campus ISRA IRD de Bel Air, Route des Hydrocarbures, BP 1386, CP 18524 Dakar, Senegal;3. IER ESPGRN, CRRA de Niono, Mali;4. CIRAD UMR G-Eau TA C-90/15 73, rue JF Breton, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;1. Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, The Netherlands;2. Coastal Systems Group, CSIR, P 0 Box 320, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa;3. University of California, Davis – Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Bodega Marine Laboratory, 2099 Westside Rd, Bodega Bay, California CA 94923, United States;4. Institute of Water Research, Rhodes University, Artillery Road, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa;1. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China;2. China Institute of Manufacturing Development, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China;3. School of Information, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, 18 Xueyuan St., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China |
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| Abstract: | Land use transitions are rated among the leading sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the tropics. They significantly challenge the functioning of ecosystems and affect multi-temporal stability of greenhouse gases such as N2O and soil properties. Studies on dynamics in nitrogen balances are essential in understanding greenhouse gas emissions such as N2O and to manage their impacts on productivity. In this study, multi-temporal Landsat images (1975, 1995 and 2012) were classified to determine land use transitions and potential drivers. The classified images were categorized into degraded and non-degraded lands and eighty sampling plots generated within the entire study area. Soil samples were then collected at 0–15, 15–30 and 30–60 cm depths on each plot and soil nitrogen determined. A regression analysis was developed to determine the influence of forest and grassland degradation on soil nitrogen. Results indicated a significant change in major land use and land cover types. Specifically, there was a decrease in areas covered by forests, woodland and grassland, however, area covered by less dense forest increased. Results also indicated variability in mean nitrogen content between degraded and non-degraded areas and depths. Furthermore, levels of degradation influence nitrogen content up to a soil depth of 30 cm. The present study is relevant in the detailed assessment of the extent of damage and threats posed to biodiversity hotspots in sub-Saharan Africa. These results are transferable to other parts of the world characterized by dynamic ecological transformation. |
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| Keywords: | Land use Dynamics Soil Nitrogen Remote sensing Impact |
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