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Gains from horizontal collaboration among ski areas |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Centro Andaluz Superior de Estudios Marinos, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus de Puerto Real, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain;2. Department d’Economia, Universitat de Girona, Facultat de Ciències Econòmiques i Empresarials, Campus Montilivi, 17071, Girona, Spain;3. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias, Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal;1. Graduate School of Governance Studies, Meiji University, TA Jimbocho Building, Research Laboratory 501, 1-1 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan;2. School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Temple University, Philadelphia, U.S.A;3. Environmental Sciences for Sustainability, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan;1. Diponegoro University, Indonesia;2. Griffith University, Australia;3. University of Queensland, Australia;1. The Business School, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom;2. University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, United Kingdom |
| Abstract: | Ski areas are known to expand by linking their lifts to neighbouring systems. Based on data from approximately 250 winter sport destinations in Austria, pooled over the years 1998–2014, this study explores the effects of such horizontal collaboration on the number of overnights stays in the area. A difference-in-differences (DID) approach combined with propensity score matching shows that new lift-linkages or expansions lead to a consolidation in the number of overnight stays at a level 12 per cent higher than before the introduction of the lift-link. However, there is a certain degree of heterogeneity in the causal effects. Satellite ski areas, remote villages and those who combine lift-linking with new connecting slopes benefit the most. More recent lift-linkages seem to lead to smaller gains than those established in the early years. |
| Keywords: | Horizontal collaboration Coopetition Inter-firm collaboration Ski areas Winter sport destinations Overnight stays Difference-in-differences method Propensity score matching estimator D22 L25 L22 L83 Z3 |
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