经调解产生的国际商事和解协议的执行困境与突破——兼论《新加坡调解公约》与中国法律体系的衔接

经调解产生的国际商事和解协议因缺乏统一高效执行机制而使其高效、经济、友好地解决国际商事争议的优势难以充分彰显。新近生效的《新加坡调解公约》为国际商事和解协议的统一高效执行提供了国际法律框架。中国尚未建立完整的调解立法体系,更没有独立的商事调解法,也未形成专业化和职业化的调解队伍,还未培育出成熟的社会诚信体系,有碍国际商事和解协议的执行。为有效应对国际商事和解协议的执行困境,在中国已签署《新加坡调解公约》的背景下,建议积极研究该公约与中国法律制度的衔接问题,完善商事调解法律规范并适时制定独立的商事调解法,建立专职调解员队伍,培育成熟的社会诚信体系。

On the Difficulties and Breakthroughs of Enforcement of Settlement Agreements Resulting from International Commercial Mediation:The Compatibility of Singapore Mediation Convention with China's Legal System

Due to the lack of an unified and expedited enforcement mechanism of the settlement agreements resulting from international commercial mediation, it is difficult for mediation to highlight its advantages of offering the parties an efficient, cost-effective and friendly way for resolving international commercial disputes. The United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation("Singapore Mediation Convention") provides an international legal framework for an unified and expedited enforcement of international settlement agreements. Chinas’ legal system of commercial mediation is not yet sophisticated, not to mention the mediation law. Besides, a team of full-time mediators specializing in the settlement of commercial disputes is not established and social trustworthiness system is still not mature. All of those factors mentioned above do no good to the enforcement of the settlement agreements resulting from international commercial mediation. Considering that China has signed the Singapore Mediation Convention, in order to effectively deal with the difficulties in the enforcement of settlement agreements, it is advised to study how to make Singapore Mediation Convention compatible with Chinas’ legal system, to improve its legal provisions about the commercial mediation and formulate an independent commercial mediation law in due course, and to establish a team of full-time mediators and cultivate mature social trustworthiness system.