私有协议与标准化的知识产权政策

在对电信市场的网络效果、转换成本以及标准经济性质分析的基础上,本文探讨厂商在私有协议、产业标准化和机构标准化竞争中采取的知识产权政策。在ICT市场里,市场选择决定胜出的私有协议,厂商采取的基本策略是先松后紧的知识产权政策。产业联盟的厂商在产业标准化上既竞争又合作,他们都试图运用有效的知识产权政策和市场策略赢得标准谈判更大的筹码。在机构标准化竞赛中,厂商会采取适度温和的知识产权渗透政策和“脚踏两只船”的风险分散策略。中国厂商相应采取科学的知识产权政策对于赢得私有协议和标准化起着关键性作用。

Intellectual Property Policies of Proprietary Protocol and Standardization

On the basis of analysis to network effects, switch costs and economic natures of standard in ICT market, this paper primarily explores the intellectual property policies firms take in proprietary protocol, industrial standardization and institutional standardization competition. In ICT market, market choices determine succeeded proprietary protocol, and firms take the basic intellectual property policies from earlier loosening to later tightening. In the industrial standardization, firms not only compete, and also cooperate in the industrial pool, and they try to win more weights by effective intellectual property policies and market policies in standardization negotiations. In institutional standardization competition, firms will take the intellectual property policies of mild penetration and risk sharing by "straddling two boats". The intellectual property policies Chinese firms reasonably take have played key roles in winning the proprietary protocol and standardization competition.