古典价值理论与经济结构调整——基于投入产出模型的分析

由约翰·穆勒总结的古典经济学价值理论阐述了价值的定义、条件和决定,是西方国家在探索市场经济早期形成的经典理论成果,为中国探索与完善市场经济体制,反思经济结构调整提供了一个分析视角和理论框架。以古典价值理论为基础,通过投入产出模型分析表明,价值变化引导企业生产。最优经济结构是由市场设计,而非政府事先决定。经济结构调整的引力是价格机制,过程是企业试错,政府在经济结构调整中不宜管制价格和直接配置资源。

The Classical Theory of Value and Economic Restructuring -An Analysis Based on the Input-output Model

The classical theory of value which was summed up by John Stuart Mill elaborates on the definition, prerequisite and decision of value. It is a classical theoretical achievement by western countries in the early period of market economy exploration. It also provides an analytical per- spective and theoretical framework for China to explore and perfect its market economy system, and to rethink its economic restructuring. Based on the classical theory of value, and by means of analyzing the input-output model, this article indicates that changes in value could guide production of enterprises, and the optimal economic structure is designed by market but not pre-determined by governments. The guidance of economic re- structuring is price mechanism, and the process is trial and error in enterprises. Government should not regulate prices and allocate resources di- rectly.