中国多边区际民商事判决承认和执行安排——对解决四大难题的建议

在中国实现判决的自由流动的关键是建立一个多边区际民商事判决承认和执行安排,以取代现有的两大双边安排。本文首先分析了中国区际判决承认和执行的现状;然后,论证了区域经济一体化要求在陆港澳之间建立一个多边判决承认和执行安排,并且这个安排可以扩大到中国台湾;最后通过和美欧区际判决承认执行法比较研究的方式,提出如何解决建立这个多边判决承认和执行安排面临的四大最严峻的挑战:大陆的社会主义法和港澳的资本主义法的冲突、大陆法和普通法之间的冲突、薄弱的区际相互信任和欠缺可以受理来自三个法域案件的终审法院。

Chinese Multilateral Recognition and Enforcement Arrangement for Civil and Commercial Judgments: Proposed Solutions for Four Critical Challenges

Replacing the current two bilateral judgment recognition and enforcement(JRE) arrangements,a Multilateral JRE Arrangement among Mainland China,Hong Kong,and Macao can realize free circulation of judgments in China.This Arrangement may also be extended to Taiwan.This article focuses on what lessons China may draw from the US and the EU to develop this Multilateral Arrangement.It first discusses the status quo of the interregional JRE in China.Then it points out the four most crucial challenges in developing this arrangement:conflicts between socialist and capitalist law,conflicts between civil and common law,weak mutual trust,and the lack of a court of final review for cases from all three regions.Importantly,it proposes solutions to each challenge by comparative studies with the US and the EU interregional JRE laws.