The Impact of Mandatory Votes on the Canada-U.S. Union Density Gap: A Note

This article provides empirical evidence concerning the impact of mandatory votes on the Canada-U.S. density gap. Simulation analysis reveals (1) that the increasing use of mandatory votes in Canada has narrowed the gap by about 1 percentage point and (2) that differences in recognition procedures between Canada and the United States accounted for at least 3 to 5 percentage points of the gap in 1998.