黄河流域城市绿色全要素生产率的时空演变及驱动因素分析

基于超效率SBM模型的Malmquist生产率指数,利用黄河流域77个地级市的面板数据,测度并分析黄河流域绿色全要素生产率的时空演变特征,并利用Tobit模型分析影响因素的作用机制。结果表明：近年来,黄河流域绿色全要素生产率有所提升,呈现狭长片状分布状态,效率值分布区域性差异明显,周边地区效率值较高。分流域来看,黄河流域绿色全要素生产率下游地区>上游地区>中游地区。从影响因素来看,经济发展水平、环境规制、金融发展对绿色全要素生产率有明显提升作用。对外开放、产业结构对绿色全要素生产率提升产生了抑制作用,技术水平对绿色全要素生产率的提升没有显著影响作用。从各影响因素区域差异性来看,经济发展水平对中上游地区绿色全要素生产率影响作用并不显著,对下游地区有明显的提升作用。环境规制对中下游地区有显著促进作用,对上游地区没有明显的影响作用。对外开放对中游地区有抑制作用,对上游和下游地区没有明显影响作用。产业结构对中上游地区有显著的抑制作用,对下游地区有提升作用。技术水平对上游、中游、下游地区的绿色全要素生产率都没有明显的影响作用,金融发展对中游地区有提升作用。通过分析各影响因素对黄河流域绿色全要素生产率的影响作用,对推动黄河流域经济高质量发展提供有益借鉴。

Analysis on the Spatio-temporal Evolution and Driving Factors of Urban Green Total Factor Productivity in the Yellow River Basin

Based on the Malmquist productivity index of the super-efficiency SBM model, the panel data of 77 prefecture-level cities is used in the Yellow River Basin to measure and analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of green total factor productivity in the Yellow River Basin, and the Tobit model is used to analyze the mechanism of influencing factors. The results show that in recent years, the green total factor productivity of the Yellow River Basin has increased, showing a long and narrow flaky distribution, with obvious regional differences in the distribution of efficiency values, and higher efficiency values ??in the surrounding areas. In terms of watersheds, the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin''s green total factor productivity>upper reaches>middle reaches. From the perspective of influencing factors, the level of economic development, environmental regulations, and financial development have significant effect on the improvement of green total factor productivity. Opening to the outside world and industrial structure have inhibited the increase of green total factor productivity, and technological level has no significant effect on the increase of green total factor productivity. From the perspective of the regional differences of the influencing factors, the level of economic development has no significant effect on the green total factor productivity of the upper and middle regions, but has significant effect on the downstream regions. Environmental regulations have a significant promoting effect on the middle and lower reaches, but have no obvious influence on the upper reaches. Opening to the outside world has a restraining effect on the middle reaches, but has no obvious effect on the upstream and downstream areas. The industrial structure has significant inhibitory effect on the upper and middle regions, and has an uplifting effect on the downstream regions. Technical level has no obvious effect on the green total factor productivity of upstream, midstream, and downstream regions, and financial development has an effect on improving the midstream region. Through the analysis of the impact of various influencing factors on the green total factor productivity of the Yellow River Basin, it is expected to provide a useful reference for promoting the high-quality economic development of the Yellow River Basin.