基于案例研究的西南地区山地小城镇可持续建设水平诊断

目的]通过诊断西南地区山地小城镇可持续建设水平,针对性地提出提升西南地区山地小城镇可持续建设水平的路径,为西南地区山地小城镇可持续建设提供科学的决策支撑。方法]基于对我国20世纪80年代以来不同部门建立的9套城镇化可持续建设指标体系的梳理,结合西南地区山地小城镇可持续建设的内涵,从经济建设、社会进步、资源环境3个准则层选取24个指标,构建西南地区山地小城镇可持续建设水平评价指标体系框架。并利用熵值层次法确定评价指标体系中各指标的权重,应用线性加权综合评价模型对西南地区具有代表性的山地小城镇进行可持续建设水平诊断。结果]西南地区山地小城镇可持续建设水平不高,尤其是经济建设比较落后。一方面以农业为主的西南地区山地小城镇经济结构亟待升级转型。另一方面,西南地区山地小城镇镇区人口集聚能力不足,限制了经济发展。通过对样本镇的聚类分析,西南地区山地小城镇的可持续发展能力可分为较强、一般、较弱3类。结论]提高西南地区山地小城镇可持续经济建设水平关键是要依据自身资源禀赋调整经济结构。西南地区山地小城镇可以依托招商引资发展工业经济,通过优化资源的合理利用,发展镇区工业园;同时可以依托新农村建设发展乡镇生态旅游项目,从而带动镇域经济发展。

CASE STUDIES ON EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAINOUS TOWNS IN SOUTHWEST CHINA

Ensuring the sustainable construction of mountainous towns in southwest China has profound significance of guaranteeing national ecological security and promoting regional sustainable construction. From the perspective of the connotation of mountainous towns in Southwest China, the paper constructed the sustainability indicator system including economic, social life, resource and environment. Based on panel data of 12 townships in mountainous regions in southwest China in 2015, the comprehensive level of urban sustainability was measured by analytic hierarchy process method and entropy weight method. Finally, the paper investigated the cause of sustainable development depending on the scores and weights of subsystem. The result indicated that the level of the sustainable development of mountainous towns was low. According to the analysis, on the sustainability performance, the sample towns were classified into three categories, namely, better, average and weak sustainability. For example, Tiaodeng was considered as of better sustainability, Gasa, Lushi, Heishan, Qiantang and Yongxing were of average sustainability, and Yanwo, Fenshuiling, Lushi, Fangshan, Chaole and Dalucao were of low sustainability. The paper further put forward the suggestions to improve sustainability performance mountain towns in Southwest China, such as through the integration of industrial parks and ecological tourism.