陕西省耕地利用转型与粮食产量耦合关系研究

[目的]研究陕西省耕地利用隐形变化与产量的耦合关系,以此优化粮食生产系统的指导方式,提高陕西省粮食产量,协调陕西省耕地利用转型与粮食产量的耦合关系。[方法]文章运用变异系数法,以粮食生产的"投入指标"为评价依据,耕地利用强度由地均化肥施用量、有效灌溉比、复种指数及地均农业机械动力表征等4个指标构成,以及利用2005~2015年陕西省粮食产量,分析其耕地利用转型和粮食产量耦合关系时空演变。[结果]2005~2015年间陕西省各地市耕地利用强度数值上逐年增大,但空间布局变化较分散;从粮食产量方面来看,陕西省各地市粮食产量整体有所增长,空间分异特征较为明显;耕地利用转型与粮食产量高耦合值区增加,低耦合区值逐渐减少;从空间上看,陕西省中部地区耕地利用转型与粮食产量耦合度越来越高。[结论]陕西省耕地利用转型与粮食产量耦合度在2005~2015年间呈现耦合度逐渐增加的态势,耕地利用转型对粮食安全具有有利影响。

THE COUPLING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TRANSFORMATION OF CULTIVATED LAND UTILIZATION AND GRAIN YIELD IN SHAANXI

This paper tried to study the coupling relationship between the invisible change of cultivated land use and yield in Shaanxi province, so as to optimize the guidance of grain production systems, increase grain production in Shaanxi province, and coordinate the coupling of cropland use transformation and grain yield in Shaanxi province. The article used the coefficient of variation method to evaluate the "input index" of grain production. The intensity of cultivated land utilization consisted of 4 indicators including average application rate of chemical fertilizer, effective irrigation ratio, multiple cropping index and dynamic characterization of average agricultural machinery. As well as the utilization of grain production in Shaanxi from 2005 to 2015, and the spatio temporal evolution of the coupling relationship between farmland use transformation and grain yield were analyzed. From 2005 to 2015, the arable land use intensity in various cities of Shaanxi increased year by year, but the spatial distribution was more dispersed. From the aspect of grain yield, the grain output of Shaanxi as a whole increased, and the spatial differentiation characteristics were relatively high. Obviously, the coupled use of arable land and high grain yield increased the coupling area, and the value of the low coupling area gradually decreased. From the spatial point of view, the coupling of the arable land use transformation and the grain yield in the central region of Shaanxi province became higher and higher. The coupling degree between arable land use transformation and grain yield in Shaanxi province increased gradually from 2005 to 2015. The transformation of arable land use had a favorable effect on food security.