江西省农村土地利用变化及生态系统服务价值研究

[目的]土地利用变化及生态系统服务价值研究一直是土地资源评价与管理方面的热点研究问题,通过对江西省土地利用变化和生态系统价值进行研究,为江西省土地规划和资源的可持续利用提供理论依据。[方法]文章基于文献查阅的方法,利用多样性指数模型、土地利用动态度和生态系统服务价值模型,结合2009~2016年江西省农村土地利用的现状及变化,分析了其生态系统服务价值及相应变化。[结果]近年来,江西省农村土地利用程度高、多样性指数中等且呈先下降后上升的趋势。土地利用类型的面积与该土地利用类型的生态系统服务价值呈同向变化的关系。通过对土地利用类型的ESV值进行分析,发现农村土地利用的生态系统服务功能价值总体在减少;对单项生态系统价值分析,水源涵养在江西省农村土地生态系统服务中占有最重要的地位。[结论]2009~2016年江西省农村土地利用结构都发生了变化,生态系统服务总价值出现了降低趋势,各单项生态系统服务功能价值也在减少,土地利用结构对生态系统功能价值具有决定作用。因此,政府应该合理利用土地,保护生态系统,协调好环境与经济发展的关系。

STUDY ON RURAL LAND USE CHANGE AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES VALUE IN JIANGXI PROVINCE

The study of land use change and ecosystem service value has always been a hot issue in land resource evaluation and management. Through the study on land use change and ecosystem value in Jiangxi province, the theoretical basis is provided for the land planning and sustainable utilization of resources in Jiangxi province. Based on the present situation and changes of rural land use in Jiangxi province from 2009 to 2016, the paper analyzed the ecosystem service value and its corresponding changes by using the method of literature review and model analysis including diversity index model, land use dynamic attitude model and ecosystem service value model. The result showed that in recent years, the degree of rural land use in Jiangxi was high, the diversity index was medium, and the trend was decreasing first and then rising. The area of land use type and the ecosystem service value of the land use type changed in the same direction. Through the analysis of the ESV value of land use type, it found that the value of ecosystem service function of rural land use was decreasing as a whole. Water conservation played the most important role in the service of rural land ecosystem through the analysis of the value of single ecosystem. As a whole, the utilization structure of rural land had changed from 2009 to 2016. The total value and single value of ecosystem services were decreasing. Besides, land use structure played a decisive role in ecosystem function value. Therefore, the government should make rational use of land, protect ecosystem and coordinate the relationship between environment and economic development.