成都市休闲农业空间格局特征研究

目的]国内对休闲农业资源的概念、分类未形成统一的认知,空间研究中所选取的吸引物也众说纷纭,文章立足农业资源本体的视角对休闲农业资源进行分类并对成都市的空间格局进行实证研究。方法]重点采用文献综合分析法探讨休闲农业资源类型和休闲农业吸引物的基本构成,并以成都市休闲农业为例,采用最邻近点指数、变异系数、网络维数、地理联系率、核密度估计等分析方法等对空间分布特征、产业协同特征和市场发展特征进行定量表征。结果](1)成都市休闲农业在空间上趋于弱凝聚型分布,尚有较大的提升空间;(2)成都市休闲农业主要以精品花木、伏季水果、优质粮油等特色产业为支撑,空间集聚程度高,高密度区域主要集中温郫都(温江区、郫都区、都江堰市)花木产业金三角、龙泉山伏季水果产业带(青白江区、龙泉驿区)、邛崃—大邑—新津环主城平坝粮油区、锦江区、蒲江县茶叶产区等区域;(3)成都市休闲农业的发展呈现典型的"农区景区化"和"景区依托式"特征;(4)成都市休闲农业主要分布在30~100km的环城游憩带范围,其中在30~60km以及80~100km的区域形成了密集带而在60~80km的圈层形成了衰减带,且与当地市场联系程度较高。结论]未来,成都市应重点强化休闲农业集聚区的带动效应,进一步提高优势特色农业和休闲农业品牌的影响力,加强休闲农业与当地客源市场的联系,优化衰减圈和远郊圈的道路交通系统和休闲服务设施体系,以推进休闲农业空间的全域、均衡发展。

STUDY ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF LEISURE AGRICULTURE IN CHENGDU

The definition and classification of leisure agriculture resources have not reached a consensus in China. From the perspective of agricultural resources ontology, this paper classified the leisure agriculture resources and made an empirical study on the spatial distribution characteristics of Chengdu. First of all, literature comprehensive analysis method was adopted to classify leisure agriculture resources and the composition of leisure agriculture attraction system. Then, by ways of the nearest neighbor index, variation coefficient, network dimension, geographical linkage rate and kernel density estimation, the spatial distribution characteristics, industrial synergy characteristics and market development characteristics of leisure agriculture in Chengdu were explored. The results showed that (1) Leisure agriculture in Chengdu presented a weak agglomeration form in the geographical space; (2) Leisure agriculture primarily relied on flowers and plants, fruits and vegetables, grain and oil, tea and other featured agriculture. And the space concentration density was high mainly distributing in Wenjiang-Pidu-Dujiangyan flowers and plants industry area, Longquan Mountain fruit planting belt, Qionglai-Dayi-Xinjin grain and oil zone, Jinjiang District and Pujiang County tea producing areas; (3) The development of leisure agriculture in Chengdu presented typical characteristics of "agri-tourism area" and "scenic spot-dependent leisure agriculture area"; (4) Leisure agriculture was mainly distributed in the urban recreation zone of 30~100 km, in which the high-density zone was formed in the circle of 30~60 km and 80~100 km, and the attenuation zone was formed in the circle of 60~80 km. Leisure agriculture was intimately connected with the local market. Finally, it suggested that Chengdu should further strengthen the driving effect of leisure agriculture agglomeration area, improve the influence of characteristic agriculture and leisure agriculture brand, strengthen the connection between leisure agriculture and local tourist market, and optimize the road traffic system and leisure service facilities system of attenuation zone & outer circle to promote the balanced development of leisure agriculture.