基于遥感蒸散数据的农田灌溉水平评价和设施建设分区研究

[目的]利用遥感蒸散数据快速评价农田年度灌溉水平,及时获取基本农田建设成效,为农田灌溉设施分区建设提供参考。[方法]以黑龙江省海伦市为研究区,MOD16蒸散产品为数据源,计算有效灌溉量、灌溉需水量和作物缺水指数,分别对研究区2013年的旱地和水田灌溉水平进行评价,并将评价结果与农田水利设施作用分值图进行叠加分析,在此基础上进行基本农田灌溉设施建设分区。[结果]2013年海伦市耕地灌溉水平整体较高,区域间建设水平差别较大,可划分为4个级别。其中1级和2级灌溉水平的地块面积比例可达78.06%,地域分布上看,北部、西部、中部乡镇灌溉水平较高,东南部乡镇灌溉水平相对较低。叠加得出8种组合类型,分为设施修建型、设施提升型和设施维护型3种分区类型。[结论]研究为高标准农田建设提供了更详细的农田灌溉水平评价方法和更具差别化的农田灌溉设施建设策略。

IRRIGATION LEVEL EVALUATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION ZONING OF BASIC FARMLAND BASED ON REMOTE-SENSING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION DATA

To guide the construction of basic farmland irrigation facilities, this paper used remote sensing evapotranspiration data to evaluate the annual irrigation level of farmland quickly, reflect the effect of the basic farmland construction dynamicly, so as to provide reference for the construction of farmland irrigation facilities. Taking Hailun, Heilongjiang Province as an example, based on the data of MOD16 product, it calculated the effective irrigation amount, irrigation water requirement and crop water stress index, evaluated the irrigation level of dry land and paddy field in 2013 by considering the irrigation function score. The results showed that: at unitary level, Hailun farmland irrigation was high, the area of class 1 and class 2 accounted for 78.06% of the total area. In the northern, western and central area, the irrigation level was higher than the southeast area. This study provided a detailed method to measure the level of farmland irrigation in the process of building high quality farmland, and to build a more targeted strategy of farmland irrigation facilities.