A Comparison of National and International Innovation Cooperation in Five European Countries

This paper analyses the differences between national and international innovation cooperation in five European countries: Belgium, Germany, Norway, Portugal and Switzerland. We find that absorptive capacity, incoming spillovers, appropriability and risk-sharing are more important in an international context. Furthermore innovation performance is positively influenced by international cooperation, but remains unaffected by national cooperation. Despite the heterogeneity of the investigated countries, we find similar determinants and impacts of innovation cooperation.