政府R&D补贴政策与企业创新决策间双向动态耦合与非线性关系*

本文以新常态下创新驱动的引擎产业——高技术产业为研究对象，通过面板向量自回归方法将政府的直接补贴、税收优惠与企业的资本、人员投入及创新收益同时纳入系统框架，研究政府R&D补贴政策与企业创新行为决策之间的双向动态耦合关系，然后基于动态面板门限回归研究企业创新收益与两类R&D补贴政策间可能存在的非线性关系，并以理论模型与经验研究相结合的方式分析直接补贴与税收优惠影响高技术企业创新的机理及作用效果。研究证实企业增加创新投入是提高创新收益的根本原因；R&D补贴对企业资本投入的“挤入作用”并不明显，但税收优惠能有效激励高技术企业在人员方面的投入；政府“低补贴、低优惠”的双低策略更有利于提高企业的创新收益。

THE TWO WAY DYNAMIC COUPLING AND NONLINEAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN R&D SUBSIDY POLICY AND INNOVATION DECISION#br#

To promote the enterprises innovation is an important goal of governmental R&D subsidyThis paper uses the panel vector auto regression (PVAR) method to integrate governmental direct subsidies，tax incentives，capital input，human input and innovation income into the system framework，taking the high tech industry as the research object，studying on the two way dynamic coupling relationship between government R&D subsidy policy and enterprise innovation behavior decisionUsing the dynamic panel threshold regression，this paper studies the possible nonlinear relationship between the innovation income and two types of R&D subsidy policies，and analyzes the mechanism of direct subsidies and tax incentives on the innovation of high tech enterprises by combining theoretical model and empirical researchThis paper confirms that the increase of innovation investment is the fundamental reason for improving the innovation incomeThe “crowd in” effect of R&D subsidies on capital input is not obvious，but tax incentives can effectively encourage high tech enterprises to invest more in human inputDouble low strategy (“low subsidies，low discount”) is more conducive to improving the innovation income