贸易开放、产业地理与绿色发展*——集聚与产业异质性视角

基于C-D函数和CES生产函数，本文模拟了产业地理的演变逻辑，构建了一个能源节约型技术进步模型，阐释了贸易开放、产业地理与绿色发展三者之间的关系。理论分析表明，贸易开放对产业地理的形成具有异质性作用，二者的交互效应对绿色发展存在非线性影响。依据《绿色发展指标体系》，本文对绿色发展水平进行了测度，并借助2004—2015年面板数据进行实证检验。结果表明：第一，贸易开放的效用是进口和出口之间作用力相互抵消或彼此增强的结果，二者对不同产业集聚的影响效力表现出线性、U型和倒U型特征，异质性体现明显，且存有“渗透边界”，对一些产业区位的影响在现阶段不显著；第二，与贸易开放对绿色发展的直接效应相比，贸易开放与产业地理的交互作用随所处产业地理情境的不同会导致直接效应被增强或弱化。

TRADE OPENNESS,INDUSTRIAL GEOGRAPHY AND GREEN DEVELOPMENT——A Perspective of Agglomeration and Industrial Heterogeneity

Based on C D function and CES production function, this paper simulates the logic of industrial geography and builds an equation with energy saving technology to explain the relationship among trade openness, industrial geography and green development. Theoretical part shows that trade openness has the heterogeneity effect on formation of industrial geography, and the interaction effect between trade openness and industrial geography on green development own nonlinear characteristics. This paper establishes the green development index, which including some indicators from The Green Development Index System. We use panel data with 30 provinces from 2004 to 2015 to conduct an empirical research. The results show that the effect of trade openness would be influenced by both import and export, and the type they worked on different industrial agglomeration has linear, U type and inverted U type features, which reflect obvious heterogeneity. It also has permeable boundary, whose influence on some industrial location is not significant at present. Compared with the direct effect of open trade and green development, the effect of interaction between trade openness and industrial geography on green development would be enhanced or weakened under different circumstances.