人物的内外关系与口语待遇表现——以《天上大风》的会话为例

结合小说中具体言语现象，考察了“待遇表现”与人物内外关系（会话中涉及的出场人物为3人以下）之间的关系，得出两个结论：当会话中出场的二人（说话者和听话者）为内外关系时，即便说话者的年龄、地位等高于听话者，说话者仍须对听话者使用尊敬或谦逊的表达方式以示敬意，句末则相应地使用郑重的表达方式以示礼貌；当出场人物为三人（说话者、听话者、话题人物）时，则根据话题人物与说话者或听话者的内外关系，选择相应的表达方式。

Close and Distant Character Relationship and Performance of Treatment in Japanese --Taking the Dialogues of The Strong Wind in Heaven for Example

According to specific language phenomena in the fiction, two conclusions are drawn after the study of the performanee of treatment and the close and distant character relationship （dialogues involves no more than three characters） ： When dialogues involve two characters （speaker and listener） and they have a close or distant relationship, the speaker still has to utilize respectful or humble types of expression to show his or her respect, and correspondingly adopt formal phraseology at the end of a sentence to reflect his or her courtesy; When dialogues concern three characters （speaker, listener and subject character）, corresponding wording is chosen in terms of the close or distant relationship between them.