财政分权对长江中游城市群环境质量的影响机制研究

文章基于2007-2016年长江中游城市群40个城市的数据,根据不同污染物的外溢性程度将其分类用以反映环境质量,通过构建动态空间滞后回归模型实证检验了省以下财政分权对环境质量的影响及其传导机制。研究发现:财政分权通过空间溢出和财政竞争机制扭曲了地方政府行为,降低了环境质量。对于外溢性较强的二氧化硫,财政分权的空间溢出效应表现得更为明显,且通过压缩环境治理支出这一渠道增加了其排放量;对于外溢性较弱的工业废水,财政分权的财政竞争效应表现得更为明显,且通过压缩环境治理支出和调整产业结构两大渠道增加了其排放量。"十二五"前后,财政分权对环境质量的负面影响趋于减弱,正面促进作用不断增强。据此,从健全城市群污染联防联控机制、建立环境污染治理的专项转移支付体系、实行多样化政绩考核指标体系等方面提出对策建议,以促进城市群环境质量的提高与绿色发展目标的实现。

The Influence Mechanism of Fiscal Decentralization on Environmental Quality About Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

This paper studied the effect of provincial fiscal decentralization on environment quality and the internal transmission mechanism based on the 40 cities’ panel data in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from 2007 to 2016 by using dynamic spatial lag regression model.It classified pollutants to reflect environmental quality according to their degree of overflow.The results confirm that Chinese-style decentralization affect the behavior of local government through spatial spillover and financial competition mechanism,eventually reduce the environmental quality.For sulfur dioxide with stronger spillover property,the spatial spillover effect of fiscal decentralization is more obvious.And the emission of sulfur dioxide is increased by reducing environmental expenditure.For industrial wastewater with less spillover property,the fiscal competition effect of fiscal decentralization is more obvious.And the emission of industrial wastewater is increased by reducing environmental expenditure and readjusting industrial structure.Comparing the period around the 12 th Five-year Plan,the negative effect of fiscal decentralization on environmental quality tends to weaken.Accordingly,in order to promote the environmental quality of urban agglomeration,the suggestions are put forward from perfecting the pollution joint prevention and control mechanism,establishing a special transfer payment system for environmental pollution control,implementing a diversified local governmental performance index system.