政府补贴对高新技术产业研发创新能力影响研究

文章以高新技术产业为研究对象,选取2001-2018年我国上市公司的财务数据,分析政府补贴能否提振高新技术产业的研发创新能力。研究结果表明:政府补贴有利于促进企业研发投入,显著增加外观设计专利和实用新型专利的产出,但是对发明专利的产出不显著,其创新质并没有有效提升;政府补贴对国有企业和民营企业以及东中西部地区的研发创新能力存在显著差异,对国有企业研发投入和专利产出比民营企业大,对东部地区的研发投入和专利产出影响较为显著,但是对中部和西部地区的研发投入和专利产出激励效果不够明显。基于研究结论提出相关建议:国家应完善政府补贴政策的顶层设计,优化对国有和民营企业的补贴机制,注重民营企业在市场中的地位,并适当提高中、西部地区的财政补贴;加大对企业研发投入补贴以及发明专利产出数量的政策激励,提高发明专利比重,并降低实用新型专利在国家专利制度体系中的比例和数量;企业应注重创造性人才培养,政府需要完善健全知识产权保护制度。

Research on the Impact of Government Subsidies on R&D and Innovation Capacity of High-tech Industries

This paper takes the high-tech industry as the research object,selects the financial data of China’ s listed companies from 2001 to 2018,and analyzes whether government subsidies can boost the R&D and innovation capacity of the high-tech industry.The results show that government subsidies are conducive to promoting enterprises’ R&D investment,significantly increasing the output of design patents and utility model patents,but not significantly improving the output of invention patents and the quality of innovation;government subsidies have a significant difference in the R&D and innovation capabilities of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises as well as that of the eastern and western regions.The R&D input and patent output of state-owned enterprises are larger than that of private enterprises.The impact on R&D input and patent output in the eastern region is relatively significant,but the incentive effect on R&D input and patent output in the central and western regions is not obvious.Based on the research conclusions,the following suggestions are put forward to promote the innovation of high-tech industry in scientific research.Firstly,the state should improve the top-level design of government subsidy policies,optimize the subsidy mechanism for state-owned and private enterprises,pay attention to the position of private enterprises in the market,and appropriately increase the financial subsidies in the central and western regions;secondly,increase subsidies for enterprises’ R&D input and policy incentives for the output quantity of invention patents,increase the proportion of invention patents,and reduce the proportion and quantity of utility model patents in the national patent system;thirdly,enterprises should pay attention to the training of creative talents and improve the protection system of intellectual property rights.