在功利与反功利之间

罗尔斯以确立一种"作为公平的正义"为目标,通过使洛克、卢梭和康德所代表的传统社会契约理论上升到一种更高的抽象水平的方式,对功利主义的目的论及个人原则扩大的论证方式进行了批判,并提出了其独有的两个正义原则。但罗尔斯的正当理论对"基本善"的依赖以及在两个正义原则下对最少受惠者的关注,也在无形中对功利进行了考量,由此而徘徊于功利与反功利之间。

Between the Utilitarian and the Anti-Utilitarian

To establish a theory of ＂justice as fairness＂, Rawls criticized the teleology and the amplification of the personal principle of utilitarianism and raised two justice prineiples through the perfection of traditional social contract represented by Locke, Rousseau and Kant. But RawlsI theory of justice largely depends on the ＂primary good＂ and the two principles take the least advantaged into consideration, all of which imply the utilitarian characteristic. Therefore, Rawls＂ theory hovers be- tween the utilitarian and the anti-utilitarian.