新自由主义与环境治理——以拉丁美洲的水权私有化为例

以自然生态万物之根本——水作为研究对象,以拉丁美洲的智利、墨西哥、阿根廷及玻利维亚为研究背景,系统地分析了新自由主义的经济范式——水权私有化对社会、经济、环境治理的影响。新自由主义的环境治理方案只注重短期经济效益,强调市场机制,反对国家干预,主张私有化和商品化。实践证明,该方案对于环境资源配置效率的提高是有限的,更多的是深层的矛盾与冲突。环境治理要结合本国的国情,在政府强有力的支持下,有一系列的制度作为保证,实现社会经济、生态环境的可持续性发展。

Neoliberalism and Environment Management:Take Water Privatization in Latin America as an Example

Taking water,root of ecological system,as a research objective,and taking Chile,Mexico,Argentina and Bolivia in Latin America as research background,this study systematically analyzes the economic model of neoliberalism,which refers to the influence of water privatization to society,economy and environment management.The neoliberalism focuses the environment management on short-term economic benefit,emphasizes on market mechanism,advocates privatization and merchandization,but is against to state intervention.Experience demonstrates that the scheme has limited capability to improve environmental resource efficiency but deeper paradoxes and conflicts.To realize sustainable development of society economy and ecological environment,environment management must take national situation into consideration.It should be guaranteed by a series of institutions supported by government.