山东省休闲农业资源空间分布及影响因素分析

[目的]通过分析山东省休闲农业资源的空间分布差异,研究其影响因素,实现休闲农业资源的空间优化。[方法]选取山东省农业厅确定的5批共195个星级休闲农业点作为研究样本,运用最近邻指数、基尼系数、地理集中指数及核密度估计等方法对山东省休闲农业的空间布局进行深入分析。[结果](1)在资源类型上,山东省休闲农业总体可以分为休闲观光、农事体验、农业科技、特色村镇和乡村文化5个一级类和18个二级类;(2)在空间分布类型上,山东省休闲农业资源总体趋于凝聚型分布;休闲农业资源在17地市内呈高度集中分布,各地市间发展不平衡;(3)从市域尺度上看,休闲农业资源主要集中在青岛、潍坊、临沂及济宁,莱芜和淄博最少;(4)在空间分布密度上,德州西部和聊城中部是高密度区,潍坊西北和青岛东南是次密度区。(5)山东省休闲农业资源的空间分布受到资源禀赋条件、地方经济基础、交通区位以及客源市场条件等因素的影响。最后,文章结合山东省休闲农业发展实际,给出了优化发展建议。[结论]山东省休闲农业资源空间分布不均,各地市应强调差异竞争,加强区域合作,并以"点—轴"发展理论为基础,加强点上集聚与轴的培育,实现休闲农业资源空间格局上的优化。

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND AFFECTING FACTORS OF THE LEISURE AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

By selecting a total of 195 leisure agriculture demonstration sites with star level which were evaluated by the agriculture department of Shandong province, using the methods of the nearest neighbor index, the gini coeffi-cient, geographic concentration index and kernel density estimation, the article analyzed the spatial layout of leisure agriculture in Shandong province. The results showed(1)the leisure agriculture in Shandong province can be divid-ed into 5 Ⅰ classes and 18 Ⅱclasses. (2)The leisure agriculture resources in Shandong province presented an ag-gregate distribution, which mainly concentrated in Qingdao, Weifang, Linyi, and Jining. In terms of the spatial distribution density, west Dezhou and central Liaocheng were high density area, followed by northwest Weifang and southeast Qingdao. (3)The spatial distribution of leisure agriculture resources in Shandong province was affected by the factors, such as resources endowment conditions, local economic foundation, traffic location and tourist market conditions. Finally, it provided some optimal development suggestions according to the development of leisure agri-culture in Shandong province.