雾霾天气背景下对标准化工作的思考

雾霾天气的主要成因是大气中细粒子PM2.5的一次排放和二次生成1],主要来源于汽车尾气排放及建筑扬尘(约占30%),钢铁、化工、电子等工业过程排放(约占35%),热电厂排放(约占10%),居民取暖、餐饮和农牧业过程等约占10%,其他约占15%。从世界主要发达国家的工业化进程来看,英国、美国、日本等都经历了雾霾危机,英国和美国都出台了清洁空气法案,并且雾霾天气得以好转2]。中国是否可以借鉴国际经验值得思考,2002年中国就颁布了清洁生产促进法,但如何进一步立法或者更好地实施还必须依靠相关行业标准的起草、修订以及执行工作。

Reflection of the Standardization on the Background of Fog and Haze

The main cause of haze weather is the first emission and second generation of the middle and fine particles PM2.5 in atmosphere. The main soureces are from automobile exhaust and construction dust （about 30%）, industrial processemissions of iron and steel, chemical, electronics （about 35%）, emissions from thermal power plant （about 10%）, residential heating, food and agriculture and animal husbandry, accounting for about 10%, the others about 15%. In the industrialization process of the major developed countries in the world, such as the UK, USA, Japan, theses countries all have experienced the haze crisis. The Brain and USA have unveiled the clean air bill, and the haze weather has been controlled. Whether China can learn from the international experience is worth of considering. China has promulgated the cleaner production improvement law in 2002, However, how to further legislation or better implementation the law must rely on the drafting,revision and implementation of industry standard.