The organizational ecology of retailing: A historical perspective |
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Authors: | Steven C. Michael Sung Min Kim |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Business Administration, University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign, 350 Wohlers Hall, 1206 S. Sixth Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA b Department of Management and Labor Relations, James J. Nance College of Business Administration, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Ave. BU433, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA |
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Abstract: | Little empirical research has been done on how to help retailing firms survive recessions. Using the “natural experiment” of the Great Depression and the theoretical lens of organizational ecology, we explore survival of retailers during 1929-1939 to test whether strategic competitive advantages related to human capital, the liability of newness, organizational form, and legitimacy facilitated survival through this upheaval. Consistent with theory from organizational ecology, survival was positively influenced by the average wage paid in the population, the average age of the population, chain store penetration, and an interaction of level of chain store penetration and age. The study offers recommendations for research and practice to retailers. The most important application for retailing managers is that high wage employees, presumably of higher quality, help retailers survive recessions better than low wage employees. |
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Keywords: | Organizational ecology Great Depression Legitimacy |
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