Land governance as a precondition for decreasing deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Economics, University of Campinas, Rua Pitágoras 353, CEP 13083-857, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Agricultural Research Institute of Paraná State, C.P. 10.030, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil;1. Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, 70.904-970 Brasília, Brazil;2. LEI-Wageningen UR, PO Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, The Netherlands;1. Department of Geography and the Environment, The University of Texas, 305 E. 23rd Street, Stop A3100, Austin, TX 78712, USA;2. Instituto do Homem e Meio Ambiente da Amazonia, Rua Domingos Marreiros, 2020, Belém, PA CEP 66060-162, Brazil;3. Centro de Sensoriamento Remoto, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627 Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 31270, Brazil;1. Faculty of Medicine – Dalhousie University, Canada;2. University of Aveiro, ‘Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão de Águeda’, Portugal;3. Integrated Spatial Analytics Consultants, India;4. Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil;5. Faculty for Geo-information Sciences and Earth Observation – ITC, Netherlands;1. Center for Higher Amazonian Studies (NAEA), Federal University of Para, P.O box 399, 66075-110, Belem, Para, Brazil;2. Amazon Institute for Environmental Research (IPAM), 71503-505 SHIN CA 5, Bloco J2, Sala 309, Bairro Lago Norte, 71503-505 Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil;3. Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02450, USA;3. Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA;1. Department of Political Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, UCB 333, Boulder, CO 80309, USA;2. Department of Geography and Atmospheric Science and the Environmental Studies Program, University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Blvd., 223, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;3. The Climate Reality Project, Boulder, CO, USA |
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| Abstract: | This paper’s aim is to show that improvements in land governance in Brazil, and particularly in the Amazon region, have been the main pre-condition enabling reductions in deforestation of the Amazon rainforest. Deforestation occurs primarily where property rights are not clearly established, and occurs mostly on land directly or indirectly under state responsibility. This paper also shows that land speculation plays an important role in deforestation. Based on these findings, it is evident that Brazil must improve its land governance in order to decrease rates of deforestation. The Brazilian government has adopted important new efforts to improve land administration, including improvements in the registration process and the Terra Legal program, which are addressing public land problems across large areas of the Amazon. The concluding section highlights how efforts to reduce deforestation will only be possible through more efficient land governance, especially in the Amazon region, and discusses the important role that participatory land governance may play in improving land use and land ownership through application of land taxes. |
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| Keywords: | Deforestation Property rights Amazon rainforest Land policies Land governance |
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