3D Cadastres in India: Examining the status and potential for land administration and management in Delhi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Swinburne Business School, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia;2. Kadaster International, Netherlands Kadaster, Apeldoorn, the Netherlands;3. ITC Faculty, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands;4. East Delhi Municipal Corporation, Delhi, India;5. Delhi Development Authority, Delhi, India;1. Warsaw University of Technology, Department of Cadastre and Land Management, Plac Politechniki 1, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland;2. National Technical University of Athens, School of Rural & Surveying Engineering, 125, Char. Trikoupi str., 11473 Athens, Greece;3. University of Twente (ITC), Hengelosestraat 99, 7514 AE Enschede, the Netherlands;4. Technical University Vienna, Department for Geodesy and Geoinformation, Gusshausstr. 27-29, 1040 Vienna, Austria;5. University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden;6. Aalborg University, A.C. Meyers Vænge 15, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark;7. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Real Estate Planning and Land Law, Teknikringen 10B, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden;8. State Geodetic Administration, Gruška 20, Zagreb, Croatia;9. University of West Bohemia, Technická 8, Pilsen, Czech Republic;10. University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;1. Eftychia Kalogianni PhD Candidate, Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Department GIS Technology, Julianalaan 134, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands;2. Efi Dimopoulou Professor National Technical University of Athens, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, P.C. 9 Iroon Polytechneiou str., 15780, Athens, Greece;3. Christiaan Lemmen Professor dr. ir. University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation/ITC PO Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands;4. Shen Ying Professor Wuhan University, School of Resource and Environmental Sciences 129, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, China;5. Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Section GIS Technology, Julianalaan 134, P.O. Box 5043, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands;1. Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Department of Geomatics Engineering, 53100 Rize, Turkey;2. Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Geomatics Engineering, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey;1. National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Iroon Polytechniou str, 15780, Athens, Greece;2. Laboratory of Photogrammetry, School of Rural and Surveying Engineers, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou str, 15780, Athens, Greece |
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| Abstract: | Urbanization and the trend towards complex infrastructure development challenges the traditional two-dimensional (2D) cadastral representations used in conventional land administration. Three-dimensional (3D) representations are argued to serve as the future basis upon which to spatially define rights, restrictions and responsibilities (RRRs) in these environments. In Delhi, the capital city of India, where horizontal expansion via new settlements in peri-urban areas, and vertical expansion by densification of city infrastructure, are both prevalent, the need to manage this increasingly complex 3D infrastructure environment presents a great challenge for land administration and management agencies. This paper explores both the current and potential future application of 3D representation in Delhi, with respect to land use planning, development and management. A cross-cutting thematic case study analysis is undertaken: policy drivers, legal frameworks, organizational aspects, and technical standards are considered. For each aspect a separate analytical approach is used. Based on the results, it is concluded that current practices related to 3D representation are somewhat immature and not adequate for capturing the future vertical growth of Delhi. This could lead to legal and physical boundary inconsistencies and irregularities, and dispute cases. However, by learning from international developments and standards-based approaches, agencies have the potential to enhance and support processes in their respective land administration systems. To realize this potential, internal and external policies, institutional settings and, technical and financial arrangements need to be reformed. In the short term it is recommended to focus on raising awareness for the widespread adoption of 3D representations in relevant agencies in Delhi. |
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| Keywords: | 3D cadastre Delhi Land administration Planning Development Management |
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