Revisiting human capital and aggregate income differences |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Management, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy;2. Department of Economics and Social Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy;1. Department of Financial Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Applied Mathematics & Institute of Natural Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Mathematical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea;1. Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University, 2-1 Rokko-dai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan;2. Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, 6-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan |
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| Abstract: | We revisit human capital and development accounting. In quantifying human capital, we split it into three components; schooling (years of education), cognitive skills (as proxied by test score results), and a health indicator (for which adult survival rates are used). Our calculations are reported for a substantive cross-section of countries for the year 2000. According to our most conservative estimates, the most complete measure of human capital accounts for 19–28% of differences in output per worker across countries, but when excluding the health component this value falls to 17–22%, and further to 13–14% when only considering schooling. We present group comparisons, finding for some regions values as large as 40–50%. |
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| Keywords: | Development accounting Human capital Cognitive skills Schooling Health I25 O11 O40 O47 O57 |
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