Adoption of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation as a water-saving technology in Bangladesh: Economic and environmental considerations |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Economics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia;2. Department Economics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh;3. Department of Economics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh;1. Water Engineering Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran;2. Water Resources Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Water Engineering Department, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran;4. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;5. Water Engineering Department, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran;1. Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States;2. USDA ARS Delta Water Management Research Unit, Jonesboro, AR, United States;3. Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California–Davis, CA, United States;1. CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;2. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh;3. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2022, Bangladesh;4. University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia;1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology for Rice Breeding, The Rice Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;2. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines;1. Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK;2. Lancaster Environment Centre, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK;3. Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh |
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| Abstract: | Managing scarce irrigation water poses a major challenge globally because of changing climate and a rising population. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is widely regarded as a water-saving irrigation technology capable of contributing to sustainable water-use. Existing literature lacks rigorous quantitative analysis of the determinants and effects of AWD adoption. In contrast, applying logit, propensity score matching and multiple regression models to survey data from two drought-prone and groundwater-depleted areas in Bangladesh, this study identifies determinants and effects of AWD adoption and explores policy implications. Age and education-level of household head, access to prior weather information, landownership, topography, and soil-type are found to be significant determinants of AWD adoption. AWD is found to be water-saving, irrigation cost-decreasing and crop yield-increasing. However, AWD adoption in Bangladesh is not widespread. Major policy implications include information dissemination about the use and benefit of AWD through farmers’ education and training for widespread adoption and diffusion of water-saving technologies. A rationally coordinated system of policy measures including significant strengthening of institutional support services, scientific research, rethinking of the cropping-mix and greater use of information technology constitute a sine qua non for achieving sustainable water management. |
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| Keywords: | AWD technology Irrigation Rice Sustainable agriculture Sustainable water management Bangladesh |
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