中美科技论文比较及资助研究

科技论文是基础研究成果的主要表现形式之一。通过比较中美科技论文产出情况可在一定程度上反映两国基础研究的水平和差距。基于InCites数据库整理2013-2022年中美两国科技论文总量、高被引论文百分比及CNCI指数等指标的年度变化数据，并进行对比分析。近十年中国科技论文的数量和质量显著提升，篇均经费投入差距逐渐缩小，但学术平均水平仍与美国存在较大差距，部分关键学科竞争力相对弱势。未来中国需要精准资助关键学科、完善基础研究多元投入机制并构建符合基础研究规律和人才成长规律的评价体系，以不断增强基础研究水平，推动高水平科技自立自强。

Comparison of U.S.-China Scientific and Technical Paper and Funding Suggestions

Scientific and technical papers are one of the main manifestations of basic research results. By comparing the output of scientific and technical papers between China and the United States, the level and gap of basic research between the two countries can be reflected to a certain extent. Based on the InCites database, the annual change data of the total number of scientific and technical papers, the percentage of highly cited papers and the CNCI index of China and the United States from 2013 to 2022 were compiled and analyzed comparatively. In the past decade, the quantity and quality of China''s scientific and technological papers have significantly improved, and the gap between the average funding input per article has gradually narrowed, but the academic average still has a large gap with the United States, and the competitiveness of some key disciplines is relatively weak. In the future, China needs to accurately fund key disciplines, improve the mechanism of multiple investment in basic research, and build an evaluation system that conforms to the laws of basic research and the growth of talents, so as to continuously enhance the level of basic research and promote the self-reliance of high-level science and technology.