俄罗斯“博物馆保护区”的发展、特征及其启示

俄罗斯博物馆保护区兼顾有形与无形文化遗产保护的综合管理，关注人文环境与自然环境的整体保护问题。通过对俄罗斯文化遗产保护体系的梳理，基于博物馆保护区在俄罗斯文化遗产保护体系中的地位，对俄罗斯博物馆保护区的基本概念、分布特征、保护区划和基本分类等内容进行研究。最后，从整合机制和管理机构设置两方面分析中国历史文化街区保护存在的问题，提出作为文化机构的博物馆保护区制度，将为完善中国历史文化街区的保护制度提供必要的借鉴和启示。

The Development, Characteristics and Enlightenment of "Museum-reserves" in Russia

Museum-reserves in Russian integrated tangible and intangible heritage conservation, humanistic and natural environment management. By analyzing the Russian cultural heritage protection system, based on the status of the museum reserve in the Russian cultural heritage protection system, this paper studies the basic concept, distributional property, protection division, basic classification and other contents of the Russian museum-reserve. Finally, the paper analyzes the problems of the protection of historic and cultural conservation districts in China from two aspects: the integration mechanism and the establishment of management institutions, and puts forward the system of museum-reserve as a cultural organization, and discusses the ways to improve the conservation system of historic and cultural conservation districts in China.