贸易自由化对就业的影响——来自第三产业和个体私营企业的数据

大部分研究贸易对就业影响的中文文献关注的均是制造业行业,忽视了贸易对第三产业就业的影响,同时所采用的制造业行业数据中也没有包含私营和个体企业的就业人数,因此也忽略了贸易对私营和个体企业就业的影响。本文利用1998-2007年中国的省际分行业数据,采用联立方程组模型,研究了贸易自由化对第三产业就业和个体、私营企业就业的影响。研究结果显示,虽然服务业贸易占贸易和服务业产值的比重很小,对就业的直接影响不大,但是贸易自由化可以通过拉动经济增长有效促进第三产业就业,特别是对零售、仓储、建筑、居民服务、餐饮、住宿、电力煤气和水的供应这些行业的作用尤为明显。同时,贸易自由化程度的加深对制造业行业和第三产业的个体、私营性质企业的就业促进作用也很显著。

The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Employment:Data from the Service Sector and Private Enterprises

Most of the Chinese researches about how the trade liberalization affects the employment are focus on industry and ignore the service industry.What is more,the data used in previous researches don't include the labor working in private company.This paper analyzes the effect of trade liberalization on the employment in service industry and in private company in China using provincial data from 1998 to 2007.The results indicate that,although the ratio of service trade to trade is very low in China,and the ind...