大数据成为现实生产要素的企业实现机制:产品创新视角

数字经济的崛起,使数据成为新的生产要素,但现有研究对数据成为现实生产要素的企业实现过程缺乏理论剖析与实证研究。鉴于产品创新是企业活动中各种生产要素最具集成特征的一环,本文从产品创新视角,构建“大数据资源—企业能力—产品创新绩效”链式中介模型开展实证研究,探讨大数据从可能的生产要素成为企业现实生产要素的实现机制。基于特征映射逻辑,将大数据分析、组织学习、惯例更新、行业竞争压力、行业信息技术使用强度分别视为劳动、知识、管理、资本、技术的替代变量,将企业的产品创新实现机制映射为数据与其他五个生产要素相结合成为现实生产要素的实现路径模型,提出数据是将现有生产要素进一步联系起来的桥梁型生产要素的观点,形成对数据作为生产要素的新认知。本文结论为数据作为新生产要素的思想提供了企业产品创新视角的理论解释,也为企业大数据创新实践提供了管理启示。

The Enterprise Realization Mechanism of Big Data Becoming a Real Production Factor:From the Product Innovation Perspective

With the rise of digital economy,data has become a new production factor,but existing researches lack theoretical analysis and empirical research on the realization process of data becoming a real production factor.As product innovation is the most integrated link of various production factors in enterprise activities,from the perspective of product innovation,this paper builds a chain mediation model of“big data resources-enterprise capabilities-product innovation performance”to conduct empirical research,and explores the enterprise realization mechanism of big data from possible production factors to real production factors.Based on the empirical results and the feature mapping logic,we regard big data analysis,organizational learning,routine update,industry competition pressure,and industry information technology use intensity as alternative variables of labor,knowledge,management,capital,and technology,respectively.We map the product value realization mechanism to the realization path model of the combination of data and other five production factors,and put forward the view that data is a bridge-type production factor that further links the existing production factors,forming a new understanding of data as a production factor.The conclusion provides a theoretical explanation from the perspective of enterprise product innovation to the idea that using data as a new production factor,and also provides management enlightenment for enterprise’s big data innovation practice.