电网企业开展节能调度的社会效益和经济风险研究

根据节能调度办法，在满足电网火电负荷及发电量不变的前提下，模拟节能调度对节能减排的影响以及电网企业购电费用的变化。以煤耗最低为约束目标，建立二次优化模型，在保证电网备用容量和各机组负荷分配限制的条件下，重新分配机组负荷，并在合理范围内调整各机组利用小时数，结合煤耗特性曲线和购电单价，分别计算总煤耗和购电费用。由此可以对比出计划调度和节能调度两种调度方式下，总的煤耗及污染物排放变化情况以及电网企业购电费用的变化情况，即分别为电网企业通过节能调度实现的社会效益和化解经济风险。研究表明，通过节能调度，可以实现节能减排的社会效益，但会增加电网企业经济风险。

The Social Benefits of Power Grid Enterprise to Implement Energy Conservation Dispatching and Its Economic Risk

According to the principals of energy conservation dispatching, the effect of energy saving and the change of power purchase cost of grid enterprise is simulated under the prerequisite of constant total load and constant total generated energy of thermal power units. With the aim of minimum coal cost, quadratic optimization model is established with limitation of grid reserve capacity and load dispatching of every unit. The load of each unit can be redistributed by this model and the utilization hours of each unit are adjusted within a reasonable range. Combined with energy consumption curves and each unit price, total energy consumption and total power purchase cost can be calculated. The effect of energy saving and emission reduction can be analyzed by comparing the different total coal consumption and the emission of contaminants under the two dispatching methods. This is the social benefits from energy conservation dispatching. What＇ s more, the difference of power purchase cost of grid enterprise can also be calculated out under the two dispatching methods, which is the economic risk to power grid enterprise. The example shows that carrying out energy conservation dispatching policy can achieve the goal of increasing social benefits by energy saving and emission reduction, while it will bring economic risk to power grid enterprise since it will add operation cost to the enterprise.