基于SRTM DEM的汾河流域特征提取研究

河流特征提取是流域生态恢复与农业生产活动的基础数据资料,是领域综合利用和开发必要自然地理要素获取的主要途径。文章以基于SRTM DEM数据对汾河流域特征提取为主要研究内容,主要涉及汾河流域范围提取、汾河流域水系特征提取、划分汾河流域子流域要素提取3个核心层次。利用Arc GIS水文模块分析工具,通过对汾河流域的SRTM DEM数据进行处理、填洼,水流定向的方法,提取出汾河流域地理要素特征;再通过计算汇流累积量,确定集流阈值,提取河网等路径,进而提取出汾河流域水系特征、流域子流域划分,以及进行其他流域水文分析处理;最后对提取精度进行检验和分析。研究表明90m分辨率的SRTM DEM数据提取汾河流域特征精度可靠,构建出基于SRTM DEM数据的流域特征提取的优化路径和方案,具有省时高效的优势,对于水资源的勘察、评价、管理,流域生态环境保护和区域农业资源调查等方面都具有重要价值,对数字流域建设具有极强的借鉴作用。

STUDY OF FEATURE EXTRACTION OF FENHE RIVER BASIN BASED ON SRTM DEM

River basin feature extraction provides a basic data for the recovery of ecological and agricultural pro-duction activities, and is a key way to get the river′s physical geographical elements for the river basin comprehen-sive utilization and development. This paper mainly studied the feature extraction of Fenhe river basin, which in-cluded the scope, the valleys, and the sub-streambased on SRTM DEM. First, the basin data was extracted by u-sing ArcGIS Hydrology characteristics after dealing with the SRTM DEM data, filling pools and directing flow. Sec-ond, the watershed system and substream were extracted by calculating concentration accumulation, determining the threshold of flow, and extracting river network of Fenhe. Lastly, the accuracy of extraction was tested. The re-sults showed that the accuracy of Fenhe basin extracted by the 90 meters resolution image of SRTM DEM data was practicable. The optimization plan and path for the basin feature extraction was effective. The results can provide a reference for the construction of the digital watershed, investigation, evaluation and management of water resources, as well as the protection of the river basin ecological environment.