Forecasting stock-market tail risk and connectedness in advanced economies over a century: The role of gold-to-silver and gold-to-platinum price ratios |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mathematics and School of Economics and Management, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;2. Department of Economics, Society and Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Italy;3. Department of Economics, University of Bamberg, Germany;1. School of Finance, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China;2. School of Management and Engineering, Nanjing University, Institute of Financial Innovation, Nanjing 210093, China;1. Department of Accountancy and Finance at University of Antwerp, Stadscampus Prinsstraat 13 S.B.329, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium;2. College of Business, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA;3. School of Accounting and Finance, University of Vaasa, Wolffintie 34, 65200 Vaasa, Finland;4. Department of Data Science, Economics and Finance at EDHEC Business School, 24 avenue Gustave Delory, 59057 Roubaix Cedex 1, France;1. School of Business, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China;2. School of Finance, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai 201209, China;1. INTI International University, Malaysia;2. Centre for Australian Degree Programs, INTI International College Penang, Malaysia;3. Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, Monash University, Australia;4. School of Economics and Finance, Massey University, New Zealand;6. Institute of Business Research, University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City |
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Abstract: | We examine the predictive value of risk perceptions as measured in terms of the gold-to-silver and gold-to-platinum price ratios for stock-market tail risks and their connectedness in eight major industrialized economies using monthly data for the period 1916:02–2020:10 and 1968:01–2020:10, where we use four variants of the popular Conditional Autoregressive Value at Risk (CAViaR) framework to estimate the tail risks for both 1% and 5% VaRs. Our findings for the short sample period show that the gold-to-silver price ratio resembles the gold-to-platinum price ratios in that it is a useful proxy for global risk. Our findings for the long sample period show, despite some heterogeneity across economies, that the gold-to-silver price ratio often helps to out-of-sample forecast for both 1% and 5% stock market tail risks, particularly when a forecaster suffers a higher loss from underestimation of tail risks than from a corresponding overestimation of the same absolute size. We also find that using the gold-to-silver price ratio for forecasting the total connectedness of stock markets is beneficial for an investor who suffers a higher loss from an underestimation of total connectedness (i.e., an investor who otherwise would overestimate the benefits from portfolio diversification) than from a comparable overestimation. |
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Keywords: | Stock markets Tail risks Connectedness Gold-to-silver price ratio Gold-to-platinum price ratio Forecasting Asymmetric loss |
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