广州市1990-2000年外来人口空间分布、演变和影响因素

首先分析1990—2000年间广州大都市范围外来人口空间分布差异,发现区际绝对差异减少、相对差异增加,人口相对面积的空间分布集中性减弱;空间分布从第一、二圈层向第三圈层外推。然后在主要圈层的街道层面划分外来人口空间分布演变为五种地域类型强减少区、强增加区、减少区、增加区和变化不大区。10年间外来人口空间分布和演变一方面跟分区/市产业、就业、投资等经济要素之间的规律性越来越明显,另一方面也与低成本居住空间供给有密切关系。而经济和社会因素背后是劳动力市场和就业政策壁垒、住房供给和社会福利的二元性等更深层的体制和政策影响因素。

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, EVOLUTION AND DRIVING FORCE OF NON-REGISTERED POPULATION OF GUANGZHOU METROPOLITAN AREA IN 1990-2000

The paper studied the spatial distribution, spatial evolution and driving force of Non-registered population in Guangzhou metropolitan area from 1990 to 2000, based on the data of fourth and fifth census. Firstly, the author analyzed the spatial transformation of Non-registered population in three circles of the metropolitan area. The absolute differentiation of spatial distribution among ten districts and two counties decreased, while the relative differentiation increased.The amount of Non-registered population increased in three circles, and they concentrated from the first and second circles to the third circles. Sencodly, five different spatial areas were found and defined based on the the change of the location quotient of Non-registered population on the level of sub-districts and towns in the past ten years.Thirdly, on one hand, the paper found that there exited more evident correlation between economic factors and concentrated rations of Non-registered population in 2000 than that in 1990. The influential factors were industries, employment and investment of counties and districts. On the other hand, there exited coupling between the location quotient of Non-registered population and the spatial distribution of urban village, which was the main kind of low-rent appartment for Non-registered population in Pearl River Delt. Behind the ecnomic and social factors, the most powerful driving force was the institutional factors. The Non-registered population have to concentrate in urban villages because they work in the lowest level of labour force markt with low-income and there are lack of housing provision and other social benefits. In a short, the mechanism of spatial character of Non-registered population were caused by the the institutional inherit of planned economy and the new changes of transitional era.