家族式的扬弃与突破:家族企业再发展的着力点

产权和经营权的高度统一,使家族企业成员之间的心理契约成本和企业运作成本相对较低.利益的一致性,使家族成员具有天然的凝聚力,使企业对外部环境变化敏感,扩张动力充足,决策反应迅速.因此,这种形态的家族企业,是企业创业时期的最佳组织形式.与此同时,产权和经营权的高度统一,也使家族企业通常难以克服家族成员干预企业而影响准确决策、发展资金约束而影响规模扩大、长期家长制管理而排斥优秀人才加盟等弊端,也往往形成了家族企业过早夭折的重要原因.家族企业的再发展,必须对家族式组织形式有扬有弃,有更大的突破:开放产权,吸引人才,走社会化的道路.

The Strong Point of Family Business's Re-development

The high degree of unity between property right and management authority brings about relatively low costs of psychological contract among the members of a family business, and of enterprise operation; the coincidence of interests results in the natural cohesive force among the family members, the enterprise's susceptibility to changes in external conditions, the adequacy of expansionary impetus, and quick reaction to decisions. Therefore, such a family business of this kind is the optimum organizational form. In the meantime, the unity between the two often becomes an important reason for a family business's midway abortion, since there exist certain inherent pitfalls in it such as the inaccuracy of its policy-making because of the intervention from family members, difficult scale expansion because of its bound development fund, and the discrimination against talented administrators because of the patriarchal system. To re-develop a family business, what is useful must be carried forward while what is useless must be discarded, and a greater breakthrough must be made, i.e. opening property right, drawing talents and taking the socialized road.