| Abstract: | The central issue in dispute is the relative merit of occupational and internal labour markets for youth opportunities, and for skill retention and employee motivation in general. We stress the critical importance of 'rate for job rules' in ILMs in regulating youth entry in Western countries, and suggest some reasons consistent with our basic argument why ILMs may avoid these in Japan. ILMs in Europe and the USA have generally produced lower-quality training and created serious problems for redeployment, without necessarily enhancing efficiency. We suggest that, under YTS, the transfer of government subsidy to trainees was more apparent than real. |
