浅谈贵州喀斯特石漠化形成、危害及防治

喀斯特石漠化是自然与社会、经济综合作用的产物,是西南岩溶山区实现可持续发展的主要障碍因素。石漠化不仅造成土地资源丧失、干旱缺水、生态系统退化,而且使该地区的贫困问题加剧。贵州的生态治理经验,从资金获取途径上可归纳为三种主要类型:(1)企业与地区居民互动型;(2)政府扶持,生态建设与经济发展相结合型;(3)立足自身,生态产业与生态工程相结合型。贵州石漠化生态经济治理应立足扶贫与生态建设相结合,调整产业结构,发展生态产业,使生态保护从源头开始;要多方、多形式筹集生态建设的资金;还应建立一个专门的生态建设机构,负责对该地区的生态建设进行管理。

Discussion on the Formation of Guizhou Karst Stony Desertification and How to deal with its Harm

The paper discusses that stony desertification not only makes the land resources lost,dry and water-deficient,and degeneration of ecological system;but also aggravates the poverty of this area.The paper lays stress on the experiences of ecological conservation from Guizhou province.Three approaches for obtaining funds: the enterprises and the local people work in coordination;government supporting and ecological improvement integrate with economic development;ecological industry bases on ecological engineering.Finally the paper offers some proposals for Guizhou stony desertification ecological economic treatment: combining poverty-relief with ecological improvement,re-adjusting the industrial structure,developing ecological industry,raising funds for ecological improvement from vairous channels and adopting various ways.And a special organ should be established for ecological improvement.