FDI的地区聚集及其空间演化--以江苏为例的研究

外商直接投资(FDI)在空间分布上有特定的规律，形成地区性聚集是绝大多数外资企业的归宿。在聚集的空间演化过程中，FDI呈现出扩散和聚集的不同历史特征。本文以江苏省FDI的历史数据为样本，分析FDI聚集过程的空间演化模式。加总的数据分析显示，FDI的空间分布经历了随机扩散—扩散向聚集转化—聚集的三个演化阶段；行业层面的进一步考察显示，传统行业由最初的聚集逐渐向扩散演化，而新兴行业则由最初的随机分布逐渐向聚集演化。回归分析证明，成本因素、聚集经济的外部性和路径依赖作用在空间演化过程中起到了决定性的作用。

Regional Agglomeration and Spatial Evolution of FDI

There are some specific rules of spatial distribution of FDI. Majority of foreign enterprises are inclined to agglomerate in the same area. Based on the historical data of FDI in Jiangsu, this paper investigates the spatial evolution patterns of FDI. As the analysis of aggregate data result, the spatial distribution of FDI had experienced three evolutive stage, namely stochastic diffusion--from diffusion to agglomeration--agglomeration. A further study of industrial data reveals that traditional industry had experienced the evolution from agglomeration to diffusion, but emerging industry had evolved from stochastic distribution to agglomeration. The factors of production costs,externality of agglomeration economics and path dependence played crucial roles in the process of spatial evolution of FDI.