应对气候变化补贴与SCM协定

补贴是各国目前所普遍采用的应对气候变化措施之一。但是,依据现有补贴与反补贴(SCM)规则,很多以应对气候变化为真实目的的补贴都可能被判定为禁止性补贴或可诉性补贴,从而在很大程度上限制了WTO成员采取应对气候变化补贴措施的自由。因此,要为各国推行正当的应对气候变化补贴铺平道路,就必须对SCM协定的相关规则进行修改和完善。目前比较可行的办法是借鉴GATT第20条模式,增加环保例外条款。

Climate Change Subsidies and SCM Agreement

Currently, subsidies are widely used by countries to address climate change. However, according to current SCM rules, many subsidies really intended to tackle climate change may be classified as prohibited subsidies or actionable subsidies, so as to significantly constrain WTO members＇ ability to use subsidies legitimately to address climate change. Therefore, it is necessary to reform and improve the rules of SCM Agreement in order to tolerate legitimate climate change subsidies. Currently, a feasible approach is to add an environmental exception clause along the lines of Article XX of GATT.