高收入国家与中等收入国家的能源密度差异的实证研究

本文依据1990年至2000年间中国和11个OECD国家的14个工业产业的样本数据，运用可乘对数的Divisia指数分解方法，实证分析了这些国家的能源密度变化特性，解释推动能源密度变化的主要因素。实证分析结果显示，所有中等收入国家在这期间都经历GDP的快速增长和能源密度的迅速下降。尽管能源密度降低速度较快，但是从总体水平上看，中等收入国家的能源密度同高收入国家还存在较大的差距。另外，无论是中等收入国家还是高收入国家，纯密度变化都是能源密度降低的最主要原因。而且中等收入国家的能源使用效率的提高与经济开放、工业私有化和市场自由化过程相关。

An Empirical Study on Difference of Energy Intensity between High and Middle Income Countries

Based on the data of14 industrial sectors from 1990 to 2000 in China and 11 OECD countries,this paper use the decomposition method of multiplicative logarithmic Divisia index to make an empirical analysis on energy intensity characteristics of these countries in orderto explain the majorfactorfor energy intensity evolution. The empirical analysis shows that allthe middle -income countries have experienced ofrapid GDP growth and the rapid decline in energy intensity during this period. Despite the energy intensity of middle income countries decreased fasterthan high income countries,there are stilllarge gaps of energy intensity between middle - and high income countries.In addition,forthe middle -income countries or high -income countries, pure intensity is the main reasons forlowerintensities. And energy efficiency improvement, economic liberalization, and marketliberalization are main factors for energy intensity decrease for middle income countries.