地区营商环境对企业出口贸易的影响

文章利用世界银行于2013年公布的中国制造业企业问卷调查数据,实证检验地区营商环境对企业出口贸易的影响。研究发现,营商环境体系中的关贸监管效率、行政审批效率、基础设施条件、融资便利程度、高素质劳动力等因素显著阻碍了企业出口强度的提升,这几个方面应当成为政府部门改善营商环境的政策着力点。不同类型企业对营商环境的诉求存在显著差异,大型企业的出口贸易对营商环境各项指标的质量都更加敏感,高生产率企业的出口贸易则更易受到低质量税制环境和高素质劳动力短缺的制约。东部发达地区的企业出口贸易受要素市场条件的约束相对更多,而中西部欠发达地区的企业出口贸易受贸易便利条件的约束更为突出。

The Effects of Regional Business Environment on Firms' export

Using the Chinese manufacturing enterprises survey data released by World Bank in 2013, this paper carries out an empirical investigation about business environment on firms' export trade. The findings reveal that custom and trade regulation, business permits, infrastructure, financing facility, skilled labors significantly hinder firms to promote export intensity. Such fields may be the policy focus of government to improve on business environment. The firms with heterogeneous characteristics have significantly different appeals to business environment. The large firms' exports are more sensitive to all the indicators of business environment. The high productivity firms' exports are more likely to be limited with the factors of bad tax environment and lack of skilled labors. Exports of firms in eastern region are mainly restrained by the factors market. However, exports of firms in mid-western region are mainly restrained by the trade facility.